उत्तरो गोपतिर्गोप्ता ज्ञानगम्यः पुरातनः ।
शरीर भूतभृद्भोक्ता कपींद्रो भूरिदक्षिणः ।।
496. Uttaraḥ:
Uttara means solution or answer.
When we are in doubt, he provides the solution.
One who is Uttirna or liberated from Samsara.
Janma samsara bandhanaat uttarati iti uttarah
He liberates from the cycle of life and death of this samsara.
Uth means growth upwards, uth, uttara,
uttama (degrees)
He pulls us towards him.
Tara means tarana or journey.
He facilitates the journey towards Him.
Sarvot utkrista iti vaa
He is higher than all. Yet he does not hesitate to come to our aid when
we need him.
The Bhagavad Gita 12.7 says,
tesam aham samuddharta mrtyu-samsara-sagarat
bhavami na cirat partha mayy avesita-cetasam
Those who have fixed their mind
upon Him, he will swiftly deliver them from the ocean of birth and death.
The lesson for us is that, our
mind is all kinds of thoughts, and these thoughts rock our boat which will take
us across the samsara sagara. Meditating upon the name of the lord keeps our
boat from be wrecked.
497. Gōpatiḥ:
Go means cows. Gopatih refers to Krishna who tends the cattle in the
form of a Gopa.
Go also means bhumi, he protects the bhumi . He is the master of the
earth.
Go patih – ga means jnana, he is the lord of jnana
Go comes from gam -gacchati – he is lord of everything that moves,
namely, the living beings, planetary objects which are perpetually moving, our
indriyas which wander towards material objects, mind which keeps wandering from
one thought to another, atma which moves from one body to another. He is the
pathih or lord of all these.
Go ( the knowledge ) + pa ( protects) + ta (tanothi – gets whatever they
want)
The best way to protect the knowledge is to spread it to others. Those who spread the knowledge especially about
Him, and therefore protects it, are bestowed by whatever they desire especially
peace and happiness.
498. Gōptā:
He is the protector of all beings.
Gopta comes from gup which means to hide
We have to realise that all this jnana is gopta (secret)
He hides himself through his maya and only his devotees are able to
realise Him.
Gup also means to protect. Hence he is gopta as he protects all the
beings whom he creates.
499. Jñānagamyaḥ:
He can be realised only through atma jnana hence he is jnana gamya. The
jnana that jivatma and paramatma are one and our goal (gamya) is Him.
Na karmanaa na jnana karmabhyam vaa gmyatee kintu jnanena gamyate iti
jnana gamya
We can realise Him through spiritual knowledge and not just by rituals
or studying about it. Without atma jnana or knowledge of the self, merely
having a knowledge of rituals, vedas and shastras is not enough.
Dve vidye veditavye iti yat brahmavido vadanti para cha apara cha.
There are two vidya, para and apara.
Tatra apara Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, Atharvaveda, shiksha, kalpa,
nirukta, vyakaram, chandam, jyotishim, iti
We can obtain jnana through this learning the scriptures and rituals.
But apara vidya cannot help us realise the lord.
Para vidya is through our sadhana and only that leads us to Him. Manana,
Sharvana, Dhyana, Japa and Nidhidhyasana are the only way to reach Him.
500. Purātanaḥ:
Puratana means He is ancient and is not held in
the confines or constraints of time.
Kalena aparichchinnatvaat pura api bhavati iti
puratanah
He has existed before anything else and he has
been giving us knowledge and protecting us in every cycle (kalpa).
The lord is without any beginning or any end,
he is not goverened by time and has existed before it.
501. Śarīrabhūtabhṛd:
Sharira means body; bhuta means the elements or
tattvas; bhrut means supports.
The body is made of panch maha bhootas : earth,
fire, water, air, ether. He supports the five elements which are the basic
structure of all beings, hence he is sharira bhuta brit.
Shariraambhaka bhutanaam bharanaat praanrupadharah
sharira bhuta brit.
In addition, he also supports the 24 tattvas –
pancha maha bhutas, panch tanmatras, panch jnanendriyas, panch karmendriyas,
the mind, ego, intellect and prakriti (manas, chitti, buddhi, ahamkara).
The jnana that we accumulate through sadhana
can keep these 24 elements in control. When we are able to control the body, we
realise that we are not this body.
502. Bhōktā:
Bhokta means the one who protects or one who is
the enjoyer of infinite bliss.
Bhunakti means supports
Palakatvaat bhokta, means he supports everyone,
hence he is bhokta.
Also, bhunkte means enjoys.
Paramananda sandoha sambhogaat vaa bhokta. He
is the enjoyer of pure joy or supreme bliss. Hence he is bhogta.
Whatever we offer to him with bhakti, he enjoys
our offerings. He also reveals to us the path to true happiness and rids us of
undesirable attributes like ahamkara and mamakara.
Hence whatever we do, must be dedicated to him
as Ishwara samarpane and whatever we receive we must accept with prasada bhava.
503. Kapīndraḥ:
Kapi means Varaha (boar). The Lord or Indra who manifested as Varaha or
the Boar in the Varaha avatar.
Kapischa asau indrashcha iti kapir varaha varaham vapuraasthitah
kapindrah
Kapi also means monkey. He was the lord or Indra of the monkeys or
vanaras in his Rama avatar, hence he is called kapindra.
Kapinaam varanam indrah kapindrah raghavo vaa
Also, Ka comes from kam which means jala or water.
pi means pibati or to drink
The lord or Indra of the one who drinks all
water – the sun. hence it refers to the lord of the sun, who is lord Vishnu
It means that it is possible to achieve control
over the mind with the lord’s help.
Realised jivatma is one who knows that he is
atma Chaitanya and not the body and buddhi is Indra. And realised soul or
jivatma controls the mind (Chandra) with the buddhi (sun) , Surya, the one we
meditate on and Chandra who keeps our mind calm.
504. Bhūridakṣiṇaḥ:
Bhuri means innumerable
One to whom numerous Dakshinas or offerings are made in Yajnas.
Bhurayo bahvayah yajna dakshina dharma maryadaam darshayatah yajnam
kurvatah vidyanta iti bhuri dakshinah
The lord also performs various yajnas( like the rajasooya yajna or
ashwamedha yajna) to protect dharma, and gives away numerous offerings during
the yajnas hence he is bhuri dakshina.
In turn, the jivatma can also offer the heaven and its pleasures back to him as dakshina and request only for moksha.
Jai Shri Krishna!
No comments:
Post a Comment